Northrop, Douglas. "Subaltern Dialogues: Subversion and Resistance in Soviet Uzbek Family Law." Slavic Review 60, no. 1 (2001): 115-139.
Northrop reviews the Soviet attempt to change Uzbek family life through law (byt crimes) and the complications that are inherent with such law reform projects. He first reviews how the Soviets chose which traditions to criminalize, then how they attempted to enforce those crimes, the local reaction to enforcement, and finally the negotiated outcome. He uses local archives, Uzbek and Russian language materials, and contemporary scholarship as sources. This article is part of his book Veiled Empire. He also wrote, "The Limits of Liberation."
Sections: Custom Criminalized: Defining a Canon of "Byt Crimes;" Soviet Law as a Starting Point: Negotiation, Subversion, Creativity; Reworking Bolshevism from Within: The Uzbek Soviet Apparatus; Languages of Power: Uzbeks Outside the Party.
Descriptors: 2000s, archival, bibliographic, bride price, divorce, history, Islamic law, journal, marriage, N, reform, Soviet, Uzbekistan, Uzbeks, women; Zhenotdel, qalin.
Showing posts with label Uzbeks. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Uzbeks. Show all posts
Fathi, Habiba. "Gender, Islam, and Social Change in Uzbekistan." Central Asian Survey 25, no. 3 (2006): 303-317.
This is a continuation of Fathi's (1997) prior work on otins. In her own words: "This chapter explores the way in which the role of the otin-oyi or bibi-khalife has responded to recent socio-economic and political developments and will place the Central Asian experience within the context of the role of women in Islam more generally." Many of her sources are in French and Russian.
Sections: The Central Asian Case in a Global Muslim Context; Otin-oyi and Bibi-Khalife Past and Present: Reproduction or Reinterpretation?; Russian Turkestan; Soviet Central Asia; Challenging Religious Tradition in the Independent States; Conclusion. Cross References: Fathi 1997. Descriptors: 2000s, ACTORS, archival, bibliographic, F, history, interview, journal, otins, post-Soviet, reform, Soviet, Tsarist, Uzbeks, women.
This is a continuation of Fathi's (1997) prior work on otins. In her own words: "This chapter explores the way in which the role of the otin-oyi or bibi-khalife has responded to recent socio-economic and political developments and will place the Central Asian experience within the context of the role of women in Islam more generally." Many of her sources are in French and Russian.
Sections: The Central Asian Case in a Global Muslim Context; Otin-oyi and Bibi-Khalife Past and Present: Reproduction or Reinterpretation?; Russian Turkestan; Soviet Central Asia; Challenging Religious Tradition in the Independent States; Conclusion. Cross References: Fathi 1997. Descriptors: 2000s, ACTORS, archival, bibliographic, F, history, interview, journal, otins, post-Soviet, reform, Soviet, Tsarist, Uzbeks, women.
Adams, Laura. "Public and Private Celebrations: Uzbekistan's National Holidays." In Everyday Life in Central Asia: Past and Present, edited by Jeff Sahadeo and Russell Zanca, 198-212. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2007.
Among other holidays in this chapter Adams describes contemporary Qurbon Hayiti, Ramazan Hayiti, and Navruz. In her discussion of the two Eids (Qurbon Hayiti, Ramazan Hayiti), she mentions Ramadan fasting. She describes Navruz as a secular holiday even though it has Zoroastrian elements and fails to mention that many people in Central Asia consider it a Muslim holiday. See, for example, Canfield (1993).
Sections: Religious Holidays; Secular Holidays; A Typical Holiday; Notes; References. Cross References: Canfield 1993; Sahadeo and Zanca 2007. Descriptors: 2000s, A, bibliographic, chapter, description, holidays, Navruz, post-Soviet, Qurbon Hayit, Ramadan, Roza Hayit, Uzbekistan, Uzbeks; syncretism, pluralism-textual/popular.
Among other holidays in this chapter Adams describes contemporary Qurbon Hayiti, Ramazan Hayiti, and Navruz. In her discussion of the two Eids (Qurbon Hayiti, Ramazan Hayiti), she mentions Ramadan fasting. She describes Navruz as a secular holiday even though it has Zoroastrian elements and fails to mention that many people in Central Asia consider it a Muslim holiday. See, for example, Canfield (1993).
Sections: Religious Holidays; Secular Holidays; A Typical Holiday; Notes; References. Cross References: Canfield 1993; Sahadeo and Zanca 2007. Descriptors: 2000s, A, bibliographic, chapter, description, holidays, Navruz, post-Soviet, Qurbon Hayit, Ramadan, Roza Hayit, Uzbekistan, Uzbeks; syncretism, pluralism-textual/popular.
Hanks, Reuel. "Civil Society and Identity in Uzbekistan: The Emergent Role of Islam." In Civil society in Central Asia, edited by M. Holt Ruffin and Daniel Waugh, 158-179. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1999.
After defining civil society, the second section provides a basic overview of historical and contemporary Islam in Central Asia. He argues that Islam is plural within Central Asia (e.g. Sufism and sacred places) and, due to the Soviet legacy, is different in Central Asia than in other parts of the world. In the third section, he uses survey data (including his own small sample of students in Uzbekistan) to review the religiosity of Muslims in Central Asia. Based on the surveys, he argues on page 166, that "Islam is seen now by many, if not most, traditionally Muslim groups as the moral foundation of Uzbek society." The fourth discusses the mahalla and its relationship with Islam. The final section argues that Islam would be an important factor in any civil society in Uzbekistan.
After defining civil society, the second section provides a basic overview of historical and contemporary Islam in Central Asia. He argues that Islam is plural within Central Asia (e.g. Sufism and sacred places) and, due to the Soviet legacy, is different in Central Asia than in other parts of the world. In the third section, he uses survey data (including his own small sample of students in Uzbekistan) to review the religiosity of Muslims in Central Asia. Based on the surveys, he argues on page 166, that "Islam is seen now by many, if not most, traditionally Muslim groups as the moral foundation of Uzbek society." The fourth discusses the mahalla and its relationship with Islam. The final section argues that Islam would be an important factor in any civil society in Uzbekistan.
Sinor, Denis. "Some Latin Sources on the Khanate of Uzbek." In Essays on Uzbek History, Culture, and Language, edited by Bakhtiyar A. Nazarov, Denis Sinor, and Devin A. DeWeese, 110-119. Indiana University Uralic and Altaic Series, v. 156, edited by Dennis Sinor. Bloomington: Indiana University, Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, 1993.
"Uzbek, Khan of the Golden Horde (r. 1313-1342)," is known as "the first khan of the Golden Horde to adopt Islam as a state religion" and "ruler of the Uzbek nation" (p. 110). Even though Islam was the state religion under his rule, the Latin sources reviewed here by Sinor show that he maintained religious tolerance with Mongols and Christians.
Descriptors: 1990s, archival, biography, chapter, historical, history, pre-Tsarist, S, Uzbeks.
"Uzbek, Khan of the Golden Horde (r. 1313-1342)," is known as "the first khan of the Golden Horde to adopt Islam as a state religion" and "ruler of the Uzbek nation" (p. 110). Even though Islam was the state religion under his rule, the Latin sources reviewed here by Sinor show that he maintained religious tolerance with Mongols and Christians.
Descriptors: 1990s, archival, biography, chapter, historical, history, pre-Tsarist, S, Uzbeks.
Louw, Maria Elisabeth. Everyday Islam in Post-Soviet Central Asia. Central Asian Studies Series, Vol. 7. New York: Routledge, 2007.
Louw provides an excellent introduction to Sufism, veneration of saints, shrine visits (like the Naqshbandi shrine), and popular Islamic rituals (like bibi Seshanba) in Bukhara, Uzbekistan.
Louw provides an excellent introduction to Sufism, veneration of saints, shrine visits (like the Naqshbandi shrine), and popular Islamic rituals (like bibi Seshanba) in Bukhara, Uzbekistan.
Fathi, Habiba. "Otines: The Unknown Women Clerics of Central Asian Islam." Central Asian Survey 16, no. 1 (1997): 27-44.
Fathi's article uses Soviet sources to review otins (women Islamic teachers) in Uzbekistan. It provides a good insight into the role of some women in Soviet society and how, despite Soviet attempts to promote atheism, otins helped to preserve Islam and tradition. Before describing otins, it reviews issues such as the bride price, legal age for marriage, marriage, polygamy, the hujum, the veil, parandja, etc. See also Fathi (2006).
Contents: The Soviet State and the Central Asian Woman; The Traditional Role of the Otines; The Role of the Otines in the Survival of Islam; The Mahalla: a Place of Memory; Initiation; Authority in the Community; The Central Asian Family: An Obstacle to the Emergence of Homo Sovieticus; Islam and Independence
Fathi's article uses Soviet sources to review otins (women Islamic teachers) in Uzbekistan. It provides a good insight into the role of some women in Soviet society and how, despite Soviet attempts to promote atheism, otins helped to preserve Islam and tradition. Before describing otins, it reviews issues such as the bride price, legal age for marriage, marriage, polygamy, the hujum, the veil, parandja, etc. See also Fathi (2006).
Contents: The Soviet State and the Central Asian Woman; The Traditional Role of the Otines; The Role of the Otines in the Survival of Islam; The Mahalla: a Place of Memory; Initiation; Authority in the Community; The Central Asian Family: An Obstacle to the Emergence of Homo Sovieticus; Islam and Independence
Muhammad Ali. Eternal Longings: Historical Novel. Translated by Dilbarkhon Muhammad Ali qizi. Tashkent: Literature Foundation Press, 2006.
This is a nice historical novel set in the early 20th century. It traces the true story of Said Mahmudkhon Ture (and some of his relations) who was raised in Chust, Uzbekistan, but ended up as a religious scholar at the Dorulmuallimin madrasa in Kabul, Afghanistan. His mother was an otin and his grandfather was a Sufi ishan and sheikh. The book's main theme is Uzbeks who ended up outside of their motherland for various reasons, including escape from the Soviet regime, and their "eternal longings" to return to the motherland. As the author jumps between scenes, the reading does not always easily flow, but it provides some very interesting insights into Islam in Central Asia that can only be achieved through Central Asian literature.
This is a nice historical novel set in the early 20th century. It traces the true story of Said Mahmudkhon Ture (and some of his relations) who was raised in Chust, Uzbekistan, but ended up as a religious scholar at the Dorulmuallimin madrasa in Kabul, Afghanistan. His mother was an otin and his grandfather was a Sufi ishan and sheikh. The book's main theme is Uzbeks who ended up outside of their motherland for various reasons, including escape from the Soviet regime, and their "eternal longings" to return to the motherland. As the author jumps between scenes, the reading does not always easily flow, but it provides some very interesting insights into Islam in Central Asia that can only be achieved through Central Asian literature.
Liu, Morgan Y. "A Central Asian Tale of Two Cities: Locating Lives and Aspirations in a Shifting Post-Soviet Cityscape." In Everyday Life in Central Asia: Past and Present, edited by Jeff Sahadeo and Russell Zanca, 66-83. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2007.
This chapter is an interesting comparison between life in Soviet apartment blocks and mahallas in Osh, Kyrgyzstan. Liu shows that those living in the mostly Uzbek mahallas turn more to Islam for moral guidance than those living in the Russian apartment blocs. Sections: Bazaar Nexus; Soviet City; Entering the Mahalla; Conclusion: Two Cities, Two Visions
This chapter is an interesting comparison between life in Soviet apartment blocks and mahallas in Osh, Kyrgyzstan. Liu shows that those living in the mostly Uzbek mahallas turn more to Islam for moral guidance than those living in the Russian apartment blocs. Sections: Bazaar Nexus; Soviet City; Entering the Mahalla; Conclusion: Two Cities, Two Visions
Montgomery, David C. "Uzbek." In Muslim Peoples: A World Ethnographic Survey, edited by Richard V. Weekes, 460-464. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1978.
This chapter briefly describes the history and culture of Uzbeks during Soviet times. It also discusses their conversion to Islam and the Soviet treatment of Islam. Despite Soviet laws, it states that Uzbeks continued certain religious practices such circumcision, Islamic feast days, Islamic marriage and funerals, polygamy, shrine visits, patron Islamic saints, and Muslim names. It also discusses the Soviet attempts to liberate women with marriage, divorce, and polygamy laws and the campaign to end the veil.
This chapter briefly describes the history and culture of Uzbeks during Soviet times. It also discusses their conversion to Islam and the Soviet treatment of Islam. Despite Soviet laws, it states that Uzbeks continued certain religious practices such circumcision, Islamic feast days, Islamic marriage and funerals, polygamy, shrine visits, patron Islamic saints, and Muslim names. It also discusses the Soviet attempts to liberate women with marriage, divorce, and polygamy laws and the campaign to end the veil.
Dupree, Louis. "Uzbek (Afghanistan)." In Muslim Peoples: A World Ethnographic Survey, edited by Richard V. Weekes, 464-469. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1978.
Dupree briefly describes the animals, diet (including kumis), social structure, housing, and sports of the Uzbeks in Afghanistan during Soviet times. He could have said more about the religious practice of these Uzbeks. (cf Montgomery)
Dupree briefly describes the animals, diet (including kumis), social structure, housing, and sports of the Uzbeks in Afghanistan during Soviet times. He could have said more about the religious practice of these Uzbeks. (cf Montgomery)
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