Niyazi, Aziz. "Islam and Tajikistan's Human and Ecological Crisis." In Civil society in Central Asia, edited by M. Holt Ruffin and Daniel Waugh, 180-197. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1999.

On page 180, Niyazi describes his thesis and chapter as follows: "In Tajikistan, traditional Islamic values, which are concerned with a balanced approach to human development and the conservation of natural resources, may be the key to stable long-term development.  This essay will review the nature of Islam in Tajikistan, discuss the connection between the 'Islamic revival' there and the crisis that erupted in the 1990s, and then propose in general terms the way in which local tradition may hold the solution to problems of stable development."  In the section on tradition, Niyazi discusses Sufism, shrines, and sacred places.  The chapter notes have long explanations and cite English and Russian sources.

Contents: Tradition; The Industrial Onslaught-The Islamic Response; Wider Implications; Traditional Society and Contemporary Problems of Stable Development; notes.  Descriptors: 1990s, bibliographic, chapter, history, N, post-Soviet, reform, Tajikistan.